Investment Performance

⁽¹⁾ YOU COULD LOSE MONEY BY INVESTING IN THE FUND. ALTHOUGH THE FUND SEEKS TO PRESERVE THE VALUE OF YOUR INVESTMENT AT $1.00 PER SHARE, IT CANNOT GUARANTEE IT WILL DO SO. AN INVESTMENT IN THE FUND IS NOT INSURED OR GUARANTEED BY THE FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION OR ANY OTHER GOVERNMENT AGENCY. THE FUND'S SPONSOR HAS NO LEGAL OBLIGATION TO PROVIDE FINANCIAL SUPPORT TO THE FUND, AND YOU SHOULD NOT EXPECT THAT THE SPONSOR WILL PROVIDE FINANCIAL SUPPORT TO THE FUND AT ANY TIME.

⁽²⁾ Investments in Target Retirement Funds are subject to the risks of their underlying funds. The year in the fund name refers to the approximate year (the target date) when an investor in the fund would retire and leave the work force. The fund will gradually shift its emphasis from more aggressive investments to more conservative ones based on its target date. An investment in the Target Retirement Fund is not guaranteed at any time, including on or after the target date.

⁽³⁾ Vanguard Target Retirement Trusts: Investments in Target Retirement Trusts are subject to the risks of their underlying investments. The year in the fund name refers to the approximate year (the target date) when an investor in the trust would retire and leave the workforce. The trust will gradually shift its emphasis from more aggressive investments to more conservative ones based on its target date. An investment in a Target Retirement Trust is not guaranteed at any time, including on or after the target date. These trust suggestions are based on an estimated retirement age of approximately 65. Should you choose to retire significantly earlier or later, you may want to consider a trust with an asset allocation more appropriate to your particular situation. All investing is subject to risk, including the possible loss of the money you invest. Diversification does not ensure a profit or protect against a loss. Investments in bonds are subject to interest rate, credit, and inflation risk.

⁽⁴⁾ Touchstone Value Fund - Institutional Class: Touchstone Advisors, Inc. (the "Adviser" or "Touchstone Advisors") and Touchstone Strategic Trust (the "Trust") have entered into a contractual expense limitation agreement whereby Touchstone Advisors will waive a portion of its fees or reimburse certain Fund expenses (excluding dividend and interest expenses relating to short sales; interest; taxes; brokerage commissions and other transaction costs; portfolio transaction and investment related expenses, including expenses associated with the Fund's liquidity providers; other expenditures which are capitalized in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles; the cost of "Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses", if any; and other extraordinary expenses not incurred in the ordinary course of business) in order to limit annual Fund operating expenses to 0.68% of average daily net assets for Class Institutional shares. This contractual expense limitation is effective through October 29, 2024, but can be terminated by a vote of the Board of Trustees of the Trust (the "Board") if it deems the termination to be beneficial to the Fund's shareholders. The terms of the contractual expense limitation agreement provide that Touchstone Advisors is entitled to recoup, subject to approval by the Board, such amounts waived or reimbursed for a period of up to three years from the date on which the Adviser reduced its compensation or assumed expenses for the Fund. The Fund will make repayments to the Adviser only if such repayment does not cause the annual Fund operating expenses (after the repayment is taken into account) to exceed both (1) the expense cap in place when such amounts were waived or reimbursed and (2) the Fund's current expense limitation.

⁽⁵⁾ JPMorgan Large Cap Growth Fund - Class R6 Shares: The Fund's adviser and/or its affiliates have contractually agreed to waive fees and/or reimburse expenses to the extent Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses (excluding Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses other than certain money market fund fees as described below, dividend and interest expenses related to short sales, interest, taxes, expenses related to litigation and potential litigation, expenses related to trustee elections, and extraordinary expenses) exceed 1.19%, 0.94%, 0.69%, 0.54% and 0.44% of the average daily net assets of Class R2, Class R3, Class R4, Class R5 and Class R6 Shares, respectively. The Fund may invest in one or more money market funds advised by the adviser or its affiliates (affiliated money market funds). The Fund's adviser, shareholder servicing agent and/or administrator have contractually agreed to waive fees and/or reimburse expenses in an amount sufficient to offset the respective net fees each collects from the affiliated money market funds on the Fund's investment in such money market funds. These waivers are in effect through 10/31/24, at which time it will be determined whether such waivers will be renewed or revised. To the extent that the Fund engages in securities lending, affiliated money market fund fees and expenses resulting from the Fund's investment of cash received from securities lending borrowers are not included in Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses and therefore, the above waivers do not apply to such investments.

⁽⁶⁾ The Investment Option is neither a mutual fund nor part of a Separate Account. The returns listed do not include the impact of contract charges. Please refer to the contract or disclosure book to determine which Fixed Interest Options are available for your specific plan. The Investment Option is offered through Voya Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company.

⁽⁷⁾ The current yield reflects the deduction of all charges that are deducted from the total return quotations shown.

⁽⁸⁾ The current rate for the Voya Fixed Plus Account III MC 945, Fund 4020 is 1.55%, expressed as an annual effective yield. The current rate may change and be higher or lower than the previously identified rate but is guaranteed not to be less than the calendar year floor rate of 1.00%, which will not change through 12/31/2024. In addition, the current rate is guaranteed not to be less than the Guaranteed Minimum Interest Rate of 1.00%. VRIAC will not apply a decrease to the current rate following a rate change initiated solely by us prior to the last day of the three-month period measured from the first day of the month in which such change was effective. Note: The current rate for an initial investment in the fixed account previously identified may be in effect for less than a full three-month period. Guarantees are based on the claims-paying ability of Voya Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company.

⁽⁹⁾ Delaware Ivy Mid Cap Growth Fund - Class I: The Fund's investment manager, Delaware Management Company (Manager), has contractually agreed to waive all or a portion of fees and/or pay/reimburse expenses (excluding any 12b-1 fees, acquired fund fees and expenses, taxes, interest, short sale dividend and interest expenses, brokerage fees, certain insurance costs, and nonroutine expenses or costs, including, but not limited to, those relating to reorganizations, litigation, conducting shareholder meetings, and liquidations) in order to prevent total annual fund operating expenses from exceeding 0.79% of the Fund's average daily net assets for all classes other than Class R6 from July 31, 2023 through July 30, 2024. These waivers and reimbursements may only be terminated by agreement of the Manager and the Fund.

The chart shows the performance for each investment option for the time periods shown.